In 1801 Thomas Young conducted the first "double slit" experiment with the aim of proving his theory that light consisted of waves rather than particles.
The resulting interference patterns were eventually accepted as proof of the wave theory until the early 20th Century when variations of the double slit experiment were used to re-confirm the particle theory of light.
See Wikipedia's entry on the Double Slit Experiment to see how important Young's elegant experiment is to modern science.
Young used spinning disks to work out that the colours we think we see can be composed from just three individual colour components: Red, Green and Blue.



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